May 18, 1980 the Deadly Eruption of Mount St. Helens

Vancouver! Vancouver! This is it! David Johnstons voice crackled over the radio link from Coldwater Observation Post, north of Mount St. Helens, on the clear Sunday morning of May 18, 1980. Seconds later, the government volcanologist was engulfed in the volcanos gigantic lateral blast. Other people died that day (including three more geologists), but for me Davids death hit very close to home—he was a co-worker of mine at the U.S. Geological Survey offices in the San Francisco Bay area. He had many friends and a bright future, and when Vancouver, the temporary USGS base in Vancouver, Washington, became a permanent institution, it took his name to honor him. Johnstons death, I remember, was a shock to his colleagues. Not just because he had been so alive and so young, but also because the mountain had seemed to be cooperating that spring. Mount St. Helens Background and Eruption Mount St. Helens was long known to be a threatening volcano, having last erupted in 1857. Dwight Crandall and Donal Mullineaux of the USGS, as early as 1975, had pegged it as the most likely of the Cascade Range volcanoes to erupt, and they urged a program of regular monitoring and civic preparations. So when the mountain awoke on March 20, 1980, the scientific community did too. The state of the art technology was pushed—sensors were put in place all around the peak that broadcast their readings to data-logging computers many kilometers away from the foul gases and shuddering ground. Megabytes of clean data (keep in mind, this was 1980) were gathered and accurate maps of the volcano, compiled from laser-ranging measurements, were turned out in mere days. What is routine practice today was brand-new then. The Mount St. Helens crew gave brown-bag seminars to rapt crowds at the USGS offices in the Bay area. It seemed that scientists had a handle on the volcanos pulse and that authorities could be alerted with hours or days of notice, hold orderly evacuations and save lives. But Mount St. Helens erupted in a way that no one planned for, and 56 people plus David Johnston died that fiery Sunday. His body, like those of many others, was never found. The Mount St. Helens Legacy After the eruption, the research continued. The methods first tested at St. Helens were deployed and advanced in later years and later eruptions at El Chichà ³n in 1982, at Mount Spurr and at Kilauea. Sadly, more volcanologists died on Unzen in 1991 and on Galeras in 1993. In 1991, the dedicated research paid off spectacularly at one of the centurys largest eruptions, at  Pinatubo in the Philippines. There, the authorities evacuated the mountain and prevented thousands of deaths. The Johnston Observatory has a good story on the events that led to this triumph, and the program that made it possible. Science served civic authority again at Rabaul in the South Pacific and Ruapehu in New Zealand. David Johnstons death was not in vain. Present-Day St. Helens Today, observation and research at Mount St. Helens is still in full swing; which is necessary, as the volcano is still highly active and has  shown signs of life  in the years since. Among this advanced research is the  iMUSH  (Imaging Magma Under St. Helens) project, which uses geophysical imaging techniques along with geochemical-petrological data to create models of the magma systems underneath the entire area.   Beyond tectonic activity, the volcano has a more recent claim to fame: It is home to the worlds newest glacier, located right in the volcano caldera. This may seem hard to believe, given the setting and the fact that most of the worlds glaciers are in a decline. But, the 1980 eruption left a horseshoe crater, which shields the accumulating snow and ice from the sun, and a layer of loose, insulating rock, which protects the glacier from underlying heat. This allows the glacier to grow with little ablation.    Mount St. Helens on the Web There are lots of web sites that touch on this story; to me, a few stand out.   The USGSs huge  Mount St. Helens site  at the Johnston Cascades Volcano Observatory has a thorough scientific history before, during and after the blast, as well as a survey of the continuing program to watch the subtle breathing of the peak they call MSH in its temporary repose. Poke around the photo gallery, too.The Columbian, the newspaper of the nearby town of Vancouver, Washington,  offers an informative timeline  on the history of Mount St. Helens.  The Atlantic has a  powerful image gallery  of the immediate aftermath.   PS: Eerily enough, there is another David Johnston dealing with volcanoes today in New Zealand. Heres an article of his on how people respond to the threat of eruption. Edited by Brooks Mitchell

Free Media Essay James Bond Free Essays

â€Å"Pussy Galore†, â€Å"Honey Rider†, â€Å"Plenty O’Toole†, â€Å"Xenia Onatoppe†, â€Å"Octopussy† and â€Å"Solitaire†: All of these names have something in common in that they are all the provocative names of James Bond girls and symbols of an extreme form of the â€Å"Male Gaze† as coined by Laura Mulvey: the passive recipients of a specifically male gaze embodied by the extreme masculinity of James Bond[1]. Neuendorf et al, in a study which examined 195 female characters from the James Bond films, sum up the â€Å"bond â€Å"formula† which has been the catalyst for one of the longest running film franchises in movie history: â€Å"Espionage, innovative gadgets, alcoholic beverages, fast cars, a demonic villain and a plethora of attractive women were instrumental in moulding the â€Å"Bond formula† that matriculated from print to celluloid†¦ The ongoing appeal of the fantasy world represented in the Bond films relies heavily on attractive female counterparts to the Bond character†[2]. I have chosen the films of James Bond to examine using Laura Mulvey’s â€Å"Male Gaze†. We will write a custom essay sample on Free Media Essay: James Bond or any similar topic only for you Order Now While the films from Dr. No up to Casino Royale would seem to be obvious demonstrations of what Mulvey might refer to as a â€Å"patriarchal unconscious†[3] hard at work and cultivated from the novels of Ian Fleming, the last Bond film, Quantum of Solace, has seen a minor revolt against the use of females as passive objects of sexuality. This revolt, albeit in a minor fashion and still, as we will see, framed against a powerful formula which has endured for over half a century, makes the James Bond of Daniel Craig a worthy object of study. The adoption of powerful and partially non-sexualised female characters in both Casino Royale and Quantum of Solace represents a significant step towards Mulvey’s answer to the subordination of women through the lens of the male gaze: the destruction of cinematic pleasure[4]. This case study will also look at some more typical James Bond films such as From Russia with Love and conclude with why these films, so often the very epitome of patriarchal agendas and repressed women, are moving towards what many have perceived to be a feminist approach in Quantum of Solace which does not conform to the traditional James Bond formula[5]. Laura Mulvey first coined the term â€Å"Male Gaze† in 1975 with her seminal work Visual Pleasure in Narrative Cinema[6]. Mulvey uses psychoanalysis as a weapon to analyse the roots of patriarchal control within the pleasures of cinema. Her analysis is centred on the image of women as the castrated â€Å"Other† to the imaginary self of man the escape of which can only be accomplished by voyeuristic or fetishistic mechanisms. The female image acts as a signifier and is, in the words of Mulvey, â€Å"bound by a symbolic order in which man can live out his own fantasies and obsessions through linguistic command by imposing them on the silent image of woman still tied to her place as a bearer, not maker, of meaning†[7]. The spectator, equipped with the â€Å"privilege of invisibility†, can observe without being observed and are drawn into the illusory world of looking at female characters through a male gaze which is constructed by the film maker and filters d own even to the hands of those cameramen who are shooting the film: all are complicit[8]. In this world of sexual imbalance, in which the spectator is male[9], the pleasure derived from observing has been split between â€Å"active/male† and â€Å"passive/female† where the male gaze projects the fantasy upon the female form[10]. From here Mulvey’s analysis splits visual pleasure into two parts: a voyeuristic pleasure and a narcissistic pleasure. For the former Mulvey derives inspiration from Freud’s look at scopophilia[11] as a way of taking people as objects and subjecting them to what is described as a â€Å"curious and controlling gaze†[12] in the private world of the auditorium. The distance between the audience and the screen serves to reinforce the feeling of being a voyeur[13] and Mulvey’s analysis seals both the audience and the film within a â€Å"hermetically sealed† auditorium which serves to expose and highlight their fant asy of voyeurism[14]. On the latter Mulvey observes: â€Å"The cinema satisfies a primordial wish for pleasurable looking, but it also goes further, developing scopophilia in its narcissistic aspect. The conventions of mainstream film focus attention on the human form. Scale, space, stories are all anthropomorphic. Here, curiosity and the wish to look intermingle with a fascination with likeness and recognition: the human face, the human body, the relationship between human form and its surroundings, the visible presence of the person in the world†. As many theorists have noted[15] Mulvey’s analysis in this aspect are very much inspired by Jacques Lacan in developing his theories of the pivotal moment of a child’s self recognition in the mirror in the formation of ego and self. Mulvey find’s a resonance between screen and mirror, fictional characters and the child’s self and the ability of both to shape the ego. This resonance is particularly strong when considering the ability of cinema, in the words of Mulvey, to both deprive us of and augment our egos: a dichotomy which Mulvey identifies with â€Å"that pre-subjective moment of image recognition† first propounded by Lacan in children.[16] The active/male and passive/female divide referred to above is important only as a spectacle and not as a driving force of the narrative as Mulvey observes: â€Å"The presence of women is an indispensable element of spectacle in normal narrative film, yet her visual presence tends to work against the development of a story line, to freeze the flow of action in moments of erotic contemplation†[17]. The image of women so constructed provides a neat mirror between the desires of the male characters in the film and the spectators in the audience. Using strong male leads is a quintessential ploy by Hollywood and for Mulvey allows the spectator to identify with this more perfect version of self. A male movie star, for example, creates the action and commands the screen space in a way the passive female is never allowed to. Cinema is unique, in Mulvey’s theory, in building the way a woman is looked at into the spectacle of the film itself as opposed to, for example, strip-teas e where a spectator’s gaze is still very much under his/her own control. The distinctiveness of film derives from the ability to snap a person’s attention to a particular part and allow â€Å"a perfect and beautiful contradiction† to crystallise[18]. At the end of her famous article Mulvey opines on the possible answers to the patriarchal nature of cinema but concludes that the real answer is to destroy pleasure: â€Å"Women, whose image has continually been stolen and used for this end, cannot view the decline of the traditional film form with anything much more than sentimental regret.† So what place does James Bond have in Laura Mulvey’s male gazeThe applicability of the famous franchise to Mulvey’s theory is at first sight so compelling it would be no surprise to find out that Mulvey developed all her theories from a single viewing of Goldfinger. As outlined above Bond films have a certain tried and tested formula which, in the words of Neuendorf, serve to reinforce that which Mulvey sought to destroy: â€Å"Western society’s patriarchal, individualistic culture is demonstrated in Bond films. For example, the lead character, James Bond, promotes stereotypical, sex-typed male attitudes, especially when interacting with women. In the Bond world, Bond single-handedly takes on any â€Å"bad guy,† saves the world and always gets the girl.†[19] The ability of Bond films to dehumanise women is well exemplified in From Russia With Love. In this film two gypsy girls must fight for the affections of the same man and ultimately end up in Bond’s bed with the prospect of a sexual battle having to take place before either of them can be worthy of his attentions. It was these films in the 1960s (From Russia With Love was 1963) which exemplified what Yan calls â€Å"tittilation† and no more with the most excruciating example being â€Å"I think he’s attempting re-entry† in Moonraker[20]. As feminism spread its wings in the 1970s the Bond women seem to shrink in terms of character depth. The femme fatales then underwent an independent phase, often bestowed with PHD’s but this was, in Yan’s opinion, just a divertion from real subordination[21] and the 1980s and 1990s followed the formula with few exceptions. The Daniel Craig era of Bond films have produced a different kind of Bond: grittier, tougher and with less of the traditional formula which had relegated the franchise under Pierce Brosnan. Peter Bradshaw sums up the plot but the story, much criticised, takes a back seat to the role of women[22]. The female characters serve both to reinforce and destroy the traditional view of Bond women as being surplus to plot requirements and subject to Mulvey’s â€Å"male gaze†. The two female characters, Strawberry fields and Camille[23] represent such contrasts as to be compelling. While Fields, working for the CIA, succumbs to Bond in a 1960s throwback fashion with the usual witticisms and appears in a trenchcoat like â€Å"some sort of MI6 strippogram†[24], is typical Bond fair, Camille is arguably an equal of Bond and driven by a desire to avenge the rape and murder of her sister and mother. She does not succumb to Bond at all and importantly the actress has said that her character does not exist because of Bond but exists in her own right. Using Mulvey’s analysis this character advances the story and doesn’t simply provide a spectacle in the way that Strawberry Fields undoubtedly does. In conclusion the Bond films of the Daniel Craig era present a somewhat confusing picture of women: at first glance conforming to a tried and tested formula which is simply the quintessential expression of the male gaze and a formula born of the 1960s and Ian Fleming, but at a deeper glance is indicative of a move away from the patriarchal grip on cinema and tried and tested female submission. The character of Camille, in the same vein as Vesper Lynd from Casino Royale, is a plot driver and offers hope that the moment for a female James Bond is close: â€Å"Camille shows that Vesper was no lucky one-off. Fields shows that not everything has changed and that the same speculation must exist for â€Å"Bond 23† on whether the next film will have a realistic female lead or something more formulaic.†[25] Bibliography Balducci, Temma (2010) ‘Gaze, Body and Sexuality: Modern Rituals of Looking and Being Looked At’ in Kromm Bakewell (eds) A History of Visual Culture: Western Civilisation from the 18th to the 21st century Berg: Oxford New York Bradshaw, Peter (2008) Guardian Film Online accessed on 28th March 2011 and available from: http://www.guardian.co.uk/film/2008/oct/18/jamesbond1 Kuhn, Annette (1994) Women’s Pictures: Feminism and Cinema (2nd ed) Verso: London, New York; Penley, Constance (1989) The Future of an Illusion Routledge: New York, London Mulvey, Laura (1999) ‘Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema’ in Film Theory and Criticism: Introductory Readings pp833-844 Neuendorf et al (2009) ‘Shaken and Stirred: A Content Analysis of Women’s Portrayals in James Bond Films’ in Sex Roles vol 62 pp747-761 see also Brosnan (1972), Dodds (2005) and Pfeiffer and Worral (2000). Quantum of solace script: accessed on 28th March 2011 and available from: http://www.script-o-rama.com/movie_scripts/q/quantum-of-solace-script-transcript.html Sherwin, Miranda (2008) ‘Deconstructing the male gaze: masochism, female spectatorship, and the femme fatale in Fatal Attraction, Body of Evidence, and Basic Instinct.(Critical essay).’ In Journal of Popular Film and Television vol 35 issue 4 p 174 Stacey, Jackie (1994) Star Gazing Routledge: London and New York, Thornham, Sue (1997) Passionate detachments: an introduction to feminist film theory Arnold: London, New York, Auckland; Yan (2009) from Lucire website ‘ Releasing from Bondage’ accessed on 28th march 2011 and available from: http://lucire.com/2008/1030ll0.shtml [1] Balducci, Temma (2010) ‘Gaze, Body and Sexuality: Modern Rituals of Looking and Being Looked At’ in Kromm Bakewell (eds) A History of Visual Culture: Western Civilisation from the 18th to the 21st century Berg: Oxford New York [2] Neuendorf et al (2009) ‘Shaken and Stirred: A Content Analysis of Women’s Portrayals in James Bond Films’ in Sex Roles vol 62 pp747-761 see also Brosnan (1972), Dodds (2005) and Pfeiffer and Worral (2000). [3] Mulvey, Laura (1999) ‘Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema’ in Film Theory and Criticism: Introductory Readings pp833-844 [4] Thornham, Sue (1997) Passionate detachments: an introduction to feminist film theory Arnold: London, New York, Auckland [5] Yan (2009) from Lucire website ‘ Releasing from Bondage’ accessed on 28th march 2011 and available from: http://lucire.com/2008/1030ll0.shtml [6] Thornham, Sue (1997) Passionate detachments: an introduction to feminist film theory Arnold: London, New York, Auckland; Stacey, Jackie (1994) Star Gazing Routledge: London and New York, Kuhn, Annette (1994) Women’s Pictures: Feminism and Cinema (2nd ed) Verso: London, New York; Penley, Constance (1989) The Future of an Illusion Routledge: New York, London [7] Mulvey, Laura (1989) Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema in Visual and Other Pleasures Macmillan: Basingstoke and London p.15 [8] Stacey, Jackie (1994) Star Gazing Routledge: London and New York [9] And females are compelled to look through a males lens with their choice of either adopting a masochistic stance or adopting the gaze and becoming â€Å"spectatorial transvestites†. See Sherwin, Miranda (2008) ‘Deconstructing the male gaze: masochism, female spectatorship, and the femme fatale in Fatal Attraction, Body of Evidence, and Basic Instinct.(Critical essay).’ In Journal of Popular Film and Television vol 35 issue 4 p 174 [10] Mulvey, Laura (1989) Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema in Visual and Other Pleasures Macmillan: Basingstoke and London p.41 [11] Freud, Sigmund Three Essays on Sexuality [12] Mulvey, Laura (1999) ‘Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema’ in Braudy Cohen (eds) Film Theory and Criticisms: Introductory Readings : New York: Oxford Uni Press pp833-844 [13] Stacey, Jackie (1994) Star Gazing Routledge: London and New York [14] Mulvey, Laura (1999) ‘Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema’ in Braudy Cohen (eds) Film Theory and Criticisms: Introductory Readings : New York: Oxford Uni Press pp836 [15] Thornham, Sue (1997) Passionate detachments: an introduction to feminist film theory Arnold: London, New York, Auckland; Stacey, Jackie (1994) Star Gazing Routledge: London and New York, Kuhn, Annette (1994) Women’s Pictures: Feminism and Cinema (2nd ed) Verso: London, New York; Penley, Constance (1989) The Future of an Illusion Routledge: New York, London [16] Mulvey, Laura (1999) ‘Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema’ in Braudy Cohen (eds) Film Theory and Criticisms: Introductory Readings : New York: Oxford Uni Press pp836 [17] ibid p.837 [18] Ibid p.843 [19] Neuendorf et al (2009) ‘Shaken and Stirred: A Content Analysis of Women’s Portrayals in James Bond Films’ in Sex Roles vol 62 p 759 [20] Yan (2009) from Lucire website ‘ Releasing from Bondage’ accessed on 28th march 2011 and available from: http://lucire.com/2008/1030ll0.shtml [21] Yan notes wryly that even the self-employed Octopussy, steward of a huge empire, still succumbed to the Bond formula in the end. [22] Bradshaw, Peter (2008) Guardian Film Online accessed on 28th March 2011 and available from: http://www.guardian.co.uk/film/2008/oct/18/jamesbond1 – He observes: â€Å"In theory, he is out to nail a sinister international business type: Dominic Greene, played by French star Mathieu Amalric, who under a spurious ecological cover plans to buy up swaths of South American desert and a portfolio of Latin American governments to control the water supply of an entire continent. As Greene, Amalric has the maddest eyes, creepiest leer, and dodgiest teeth imaginable.† [23] Gemma Arterton and Olga Kurylenko respectively [24] Bradshaw, Peter (2008) Guardian Film Online accessed on 28th March 2011 and available from: http://www.guardian.co.uk/film/2008/oct/18/jamesbond1 [25] Yan (2009) from Lucire website ‘ Releasing from Bondage’ accessed on 28th march 2011 and available from: http://lucire.com/2008/1030ll0.shtml How to cite Free Media Essay: James Bond, Essay examples

Consumer Behavior of the Hiperbaric Company-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Consumer Behavior of the Hiperbaric Company. Answer: Introduction The objective of this report is to discuss and analyze the consumer behavior of Hiperbaric. The importance of the consumer behavior on the performance of the company has a huge place since the decision of the decision of the customers to purchase from a particular company depends on their product quality and their loyalty towards the customers. The food processing industry is a very challenging industry where the number of challengers is increasing in a short period. The reputation of the organization Hiperbaric has helped them to hold the top place in the industry. In this paper, the topic of discussion will be to discuss the two segments of small food processing and large food processing companies, defining the customer segments of those two companies, making a buyer behavior analysis of the company, the organizational buying behavior of Hiperbaric, analyzing the large and small food procession companies, defining the customer relationship management analysis and linking with the o rganization and many more things to be precise. Brief overview of the company Hiperbaric is a Spanish organization with Andres Hernando as the commercial director of the company. The company was founded in the year 1999 (Hiperbaric.com, 2017). The organization has a 70% market sharte in the current scenario in food processing industry. He pointed out that Hiperbaric has been one of the main people who has seen the rise of the company. He also said that the company was a small one with just 4 sales people within the organization. They wanted to expand in order to digitally expand their business areas. Their revenues are very low and the resources are limited as well. The commercial director had approached the management that they should try to expand their business by linking themselves with the social media platforms through which they could connect with their customers even more. The experts had advised them with the prospect of opening a new YouTube, Facebook or Linkedin profiles. They have identified the fact there are new entrants in the industry who are t rying to snatch away the market share of Hiperbaric (Hiperbaric.com, 2017). SWOT Analysis It is very essential indeed to assess the various aspects of the Hiperbaric organizations strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Strengths Hiperbaric is one of the most popular companies in the high pressure food making industry and they have a good reputation all over the world as well. They have a lot of varieties of products under their belt. This helps them to get the customer base all the time. They are able to provide a broad portfolio of the HPP equipments to the food processing companies. Weaknesses Their market share is falling because of the new entrants in the market for a potential market competition. They have a very few number of employees that will affect their sales program all over the world and reach their customers properly. The amount of investment that has to be made in the different programs for the company are also a matter of concern for the company. They do not have a proper communicative technology through which they can consult with the end customers. Opportunities They can keep their eyes on developing the RD technologies so that they can gain a technological advancement. This will help them to retain their leadership position in the industry. They can try to collaborate with various other organizations and research organizations so that they can keep their systems updated with the new RD technologies. They can try several strategic growth initiatives like the expansion in many countries and others. They should also focus on entering into new business segments. Threats A number of various new entrants are approaching the market so they have to stay alert about this increasing market competition. The substitutes in HPP business market can also be threat to their business. The decreasing of market share is a great threat. This high market competition is a great potential threat to the company. Customer analysis It is a matter of utmost concern for the company and management to satisfy the customers from their end by delivering the quality products and services. They have to increase their services in a big way because it will surely likely to reflect on the sales figures of the company. Many experts have suggested different ways on how to improve the branding, product quality and service networks of the company. One of the major ways to contact the customers is to build a strategy based on complete technological devices and this would help to attract the different kinds of people like the customers, scientists, researchers, public administrators and the distributors of the products. The scientists are considered to be the experts in the food processing technology. The target customers can be reached if they decide to increase their busget along with their sales team. They have to be contacted at any cost because it is of huge importance to know about their needs from the organization. They need to increase their sales team because the commercial director of the company had addressed that their entire sales team has been engaged in attending major events all over the world. Difference between two customer segments There are generally two groups of customers addressed under the customer segmentation of the company. One is the small business group and the other is the businessmen from a corporation (Bernus, Ripoll and Panea 2012). The relationship with the customers is extremely important and this has to be a major part in the context. The customer segments have to be connected by the technical support. The other customers that could be identified in this context are the teachers and scientists, public administrators and the distributors. The teachers and scientists are the experts in using the technologies in the high pressure food processing. The sales team and event budget has to be increased in order to meet with the requirements of those target customers (Armstrong et al. 2015). These customer segments need to be contacted because it is of utmost importance to understand what they want from the organization and the kind of products that that would be most helpful for them. The need to increase the sales team of the company is very crucial and the commercial director viewed that the entire sales team has been engaged in handling major events all over the world. CRM Framework or Model CRM value chain or the customer relationship management model is one of the most important models that can be associated with the organizations (Kumar and Reinartz 2012). Hiperbaric should also give importance to it since they need to increase their customer base all over the world. Hiperbaric must improve their product quality and expand their services if they really want to be successful in the international market. They have to improve their internal functions and procedures and the external systems as well. This will, in turn, help them to improve their service to the customers on international basis. The CRM model is such a model that is empowered by technology and should be applied in the proceedings of organizations. Hiperbaric should follow this model if they want to build a proper customer base and develop their reputation (Kumar and Reinartz 2012). They have to understand what the customers want and assess their expectations. This way they should try to fulfill their expect ations. The valuable services or products have to be delivered to them. Hiperbaric should aim to increase their market value by both direct marketing and online marketing procedures. They have to improve their sales force as well. The customer service and support process has to be improved so that the communication between customers and manufacturers can be fast and smooth. Thus Hiperbaric would be able to increase their market values (Kumar and Reinartz 2012). Source: (Kumar and Reinartz 2012). Buyer behavior analysis DMU Small DMU Large Customer small Customer large Importance small Importance large Influences small Influence large Problem recognition The key problem here is the fear of meeting the demands of the customer and lagging in the competition. The problem here is the fear that they may not be able to meet the customers requirements and trail behind. The CEO and the top management officials are the key people in the organization. Buyers and users play huge role in the buying process of the products of Hiperbaric. The initiators also have a role to play in this segment. The quality of the products for the products and machinery is the main concern for the customers. The customers are likely to buy the products for its longevity. So, the quality of the products is the main concern for them. The improved machinery used by the competitors is the external influencing. The individual influence is to be the market leader. The rational influence is to use the improved machinery in the organization. The improved machinery used by the competitors is the external influencing. The individual influence is to be the market leader. The rational influence is to use the improved machinery in the organization. General need description The new products and machinery are to be introduced in the market. The new products and machinery are to be introduced in the market. Buyers are the primary users so they are involved in this step. Buyers are the primary users so they are involved in this step. The machineries have to be upgraded by the use of the technological devices. The machineries have to be upgraded by the use of the technological devices. External influence is technical change. Individual influence is to use the improved technology. Rational influence is to effectively upgrade the technology. External influence is technical change. Individual influence is to use the improved technology. Rational influence is to effectively upgrade the technology. Specification The quality of the machinery should be matched with the needs of the customers. The quality of the machinery should be matched with the needs of the customers. The role of the initiators in this segment is to check the machinery utility. The role of the initiators in this segment is to check the machinery utility. External influence is the technological advancement. Individual influence is the more adaptability. Rational influence is to enhance productivity by using technology. External influence is the technological advancement. Individual influence is the more adaptability. Rational influence is to enhance productivity by using technology. Supplier search Online marketing. Online marketing. Deciders. Deciders. Supplier quality. Supplier quality. External influence is the existing customers feedback. Individual influence is matching with personal criterion. Rational influence is the good product quality. External influence is the existing customers feedback. Individual influence is matching with personal criterion. Rational influence is the good product quality. Proposed submission Supplier selection Market distinctiveness Market distinctiveness Initiators Initiators Credit and trustable Credit and trustable External influence is the supplier quality. Individual influence is the unique marketing activities. Rational influence is the preference pattern of customers. External influence is the supplier quality. Individual influence is the unique marketing activities. Rational influence is the preference pattern of customers. Order process specification Analysis of the suppliers Analysis of the suppliers Deciders Deciders Benchmarking Benchmarking External influence is the competitor analysis. Individual influence is the matching with personal criteria. Rational influence is the more effectiveness of the product. External influence is the competitor analysis. Individual influence is the matching with personal criteria. Rational influence is the more effectiveness of the product. Buying behavior analysis Current relationship building capabilities B2B RM Large Small Trust The trust of the customers on the large food processors because they think that the large processors have more resources. The trust on the small processors is not as much as the large processors. Their resources are limited to an extent. Commitment The large food processors are more committed to the customers. The commitment to the small food processors is not as per the large ones. Long term perspective The large food processors will have a good run in the long term perspective since they have more resources. The small processors may not survive on a long term perspective because of the lack of faith of the customers. Communication The large food processors are more likely to communicate with the customers. The small food processors have limited ways to communicate with the customers. Customer Service Large food processors should provide better customer service always. Small food processors have limited customer base and their customer services are limited too. Mutual Benefits The mutual benefits of the large food processors are very high. The mutual benefits of the small processors are very low. CRM Value chain Supporting conditions Leadership and Culture The leaders motivate the employees to improve the production rates of the organization and thus securing a competitive organizational culture. Data information and technology The technology has to be improved and the data about their services have to be collected by implying that technology. People The key people who are associated with this organizations success are the internal and external stakeholders, the suppliers and the distributors. Processes The manufacturing process has to go through several stages. Hiperbaric should look to apply powerful strategies. Stages Customer portfolio analysis Hiperbaric should analyze the customer portfolios properly so that they can value their customers according to their importance to the organization. Customer intimacy It is important they develop a good and intimate relationship with the customers so that the both sides can be benefitted. Network development They should build a wide network along the entire operational areas that will cater to their reaching to customers and solve their problems. Value proposition development They should develop a strong value proposition development that will be helpful for Hiperbaric to develop their strategies. Manage the lifecycle The product lifecycle has to be managed properly by using the 4 Ps of marketing. This would give them an added benefit in the competitive market. Buyer behavior analysis influence Buyers are the key people in influencing the buyer behavior. The users can share their feedbacks to the buyers about the product and this will influence them to buy those products from the company. The initiators will help to identify the needs of buying the things from the company. The buyers have to be introduced with the machinery in the market to improve the communication between them and the marketing and sales team of the organization. If the machinery provided by Hiperbaric proves to be a successful one in the long run, it will be helpful for them to buy it and this will profit the company. Thus, it is very useful for the company to maintain a good reputation in preparing good equipments for the company. They can try to use the improved technology within the organization that will attract more customers towards them. Buyers are the primary users of the product so they should be informed about the quality inventories of the product. This will imprint a good impression on the bu yers minds. Relationship analysis Analysis of: Requirements Relationship needs According to the six components of relationship with the customers, the first is the customer market. According to this theory, customers are the main stakeholders in the organization. Thus, it is the key responsibility of the organizations to enhance the loyalty of the existing customers and to increase the customer retention. The next aspect is influence market. This refers to the influence being created by the customers on their known ones. Customers give feedback to their friends and relatives after having access to any products or services. Thus, the responsibility of the organization is to provide the effective service to their customers. The next aspect is the referral market. This refers to the generation of positive word of mouth from the customers by providing effective customer service. The more will be the positive word of mouth, the more will be the referrals by the customer to their known ones. Moreover, in the customer relationship, the taste and preference pattern of the customers should be effectively determined. The more effective will be the determination of the customer data, the more will be effectiveness in the customer relationship. In the relationship marketing of the customers, it should also be considered that the promotional activities of the organization should be target market oriented. Preferred relationship type The first segment of small business organization should be attracted by taking a holistic approach due to the reason that in the case of the small business organization; the entire buying process is being looked after by the chief of the organization. Thus, he should be well aware about the effectiveness, cost and other aspects about the product to be sold. The second segment consists of the large business organization. In this case, the concerned officials should be communicated individually such as, discussing the cost factor with the finance department and the effectiveness of the machinery with the manufacturing department. Inter Organizational relationships References Armstrong, G., Kotler, P., Harker, M. and Brennan, R., 2015.Marketing: an introduction. Pearson Education. Bernus, A., Ripoll, G. and Panea, B., 2012. Consumer segmentation based on convenience orientation and attitudes towards quality attributes of lamb meat.Food Quality and Preference,26(2), pp.211-220. Eggers, J.P., 2012. All experience is not created equal: learning, adapting, and focusing in product portfolio management.Strategic Management Journal,33(3), pp.315-335. Hiperbaric.com. (2017). High Pressure Processing for Food Beverage - Hiperbaric. [online] Available at: https://www.hiperbaric.com/en/ [Accessed 17 Aug. 2017]. Kumar, V. and Reinartz, W., 2012.Customer relationship management: Concept, strategy, and tools. Springer Science Business Media. Needles, B.E. and Crosson, S.V., 2013.Managerial accounting. Nelson Education. Pettigrew, A.M., 2014.The politics of organizational decision-making. Routledge. Sevenich, R., Bark, F., Crews, C., Anderson, W., Pye, C., Riddellova, K., Hradecky, J., Moravcova, E., Reineke, K. and Knorr, D., 2013. Effect of high pressure thermal sterilization on the formation of food processing contaminants.Innovative Food Science Emerging Technologies,20, pp.42-50. Solomon, M.R., 2014.Consumer behavior: Buying, having, and being(Vol. 10). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Comparing and Contrast the Chemical Disasters at Bhopal in India and Seveso in Italy Essay Example

Comparing and Contrast the Chemical Disasters at Bhopal in India and Seveso in Italy Essay In today’s modern society, as many countries have been developing very fast, the technologies are reaching high standards of level, for example, the high qualities weed killers and the liquid cleaner. However, as the big invention occurring, the more and more mistakes will be going on, because some technologies, such as weed killer and liquid cleaners are chemicals. With no doubt, chemicals are really harmful for human beings. As people all know that, toxic chemicals are used in the industries, which have to be safely covered and provide very serious use instruction, such as wearing long gloves, safety shoes or masks. However, even the chemicals are under several instructions, but people may have made some serious mistakes which caused a huge damage and large amount of death to people. In this essay, I am going to write about the two disasters that caused a lot of injures by the explosion of poisonous chemicals, which located in India and Italy. According to Shrivastava (1996), on the night of 2/3 December 1984, an enormous accident happened in Bhopal, India, the highly poisonous and unbalanced chemical gas was escaped from the factory and continue to spread over the city which caused by the lack of the attention and care ness. We will write a custom essay sample on Comparing and Contrast the Chemical Disasters at Bhopal in India and Seveso in Italy specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Comparing and Contrast the Chemical Disasters at Bhopal in India and Seveso in Italy specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Comparing and Contrast the Chemical Disasters at Bhopal in India and Seveso in Italy specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Apart from that, Marchi and Funtowicz and Ravetz (1996) states that in the 10 July 1976, a powerful weed killer which named 245T was exploded in a small town which located near Milan, the 245T contained the most powerful and toxic chemicals, it can kill any live stocks and human very easily, the accident was caused by man made unmanaged instructions and the toxic dioxin was spilled to the atmosphere. Between these two accidents, they were all caused by people not nature. Unlikely, these two took places in different period and locations. Luke (1984) believed that the Bhopal accident was caused by the ignorance of experts. This factory was built in a crowded population environment, and because they against the rule of US safety standard, too much amount of MIC was contained in the store and due to the huge quantity of it, the tank was not strong enough to hold the chemical, as the safety manual required at o degree, the safety system was broken down and water leaking in to it and set off the reaction. The chemicals were released into the air. Bhopal and Seveso were similar in that, according to Marchi Funtowicz Ravetz (1996) because of the unmanaged instructions and the ignorance, the disasters had a substantial damage and effect. According to Gail (2003), the Indian Government made a great effort in trying to manipulate the situation, yet all their attempts failed to provide the sufficient supply of medical services and food supply. There was not enough place for all the injured people to get medical treatment. That is because of the large number of injuries and the lack of doctors and medicine. Added to this, doctors at Bhopal had no idea of what kind of affection they were dealing with. Unfortunately, most people arrived at the hospital when it was too late, others died while waiting for their tern to see a doctor. Similar to Bhopal, Seveso suffered from lack of immediate responses and from ignorance of what exactly happened and what gases were released. Late decisions of evacuation and other responses were made, after the government first move of realizing and defining the accident and its possible consequences. B. De Marchi, S. Funtowicz, and J. Ravetz (1996), believe that Seveso had a better response than Bhopal, when a comparison between the two disasters were made. The Italian Government had more ability to absorb the affects in a shorter period of time. Unlike Bhopal, the process of recovery was reasonably good, due to the smaller affects, less damage and the high financial capability. There were compensations to victims, redeployment to people lost their jobs and there was some control on health long-term effects by monitoring them through a practical planned program. The main difference between the effects of the accidents at Bhopal and Seveso is that many people died at Bhopal, whereas there was no any death cases reported in any article at Seveso. Death is considered a short-term effect. David (2002) believes they were roughly 7000 death cases at Bhopal. Baines (1993) mentioned other short-term effects at Bhopal such as difficulty and eye irritation. Similar symptoms appeared on Seveso survivors. Added to this, Shrivastava (1996) points out that people exposed to the released gas had some other short-effects such as cough, vomiting and chest pains. Long-term effects at Bhopal mainly were eye-sight weakness and high possibility of getting different kinds of Cancer. No long-term effects are in detail in â€Å"The long road to recovery†, (B. De Marchi, S. Funtowicz, and J. Ravetz 1996), neither in â€Å"Environmental Disasters†, (Baines 1993). These disasters had involved so many people, some were dead, and some were seriously injured . Also, some people may have a great risk of getting the negative effect in their rest of lives. Due to these happened , there must be someone stand up and taking the responsibility for the huge damages and waste . In the disaster of Bhopal , the company which involved in was union Carbide , this company in USA was decreased their value of stocks by this failure. Furthermore, the Union Carbide in India has to accept to pay the funding for the patients and for the damages. Even though, the American company against to accept the legal responsibility which done by themselves. But, the local government and a lot of lawyers have sued the company, and they won the beat, so they got the funding for the injured families and hospitals. (â€Å"Bhopal India† DIS Covering Science). In contrast, according to â€Å"The long road to recovery†, by B. De Marchi, S. Funtowicz, and J. Ravetz (1996), the company of the Seveso had paid for the hospitals and government and any hurt, and they will be more concern about how to do the securities very carefully and reasonable. To avoiding these things happen again, every people and individuals have done something to prevent these kinds of disasters. First of all, according to the articles, local government had legislate some issues for caring the chemicals and warning people who were working with the chemicals must pay a lot of attentions on it. Also, the companies which producing the chemicals have to be located far from the high proportions of people in the neighborhoods and providing the knowledge for hospitals about how to cure the chemical disease. In conclusion, every one and society have to do something to avoid the disaster happen, because no one wants to die or wants to see other people dead. So, from these two disasters, People have studied how to prevent the disaster happen, and not just blame some one to take responsibility after the disasters. Even though these two serious events had happened years ago, it still named the one of the worst industrial disaster in the world, because many innocent people were died for it, and too many people had to injure the painful during their rest of lives. Essay Foundation 001 Academic writing Comparing and contrast the chemical disasters at Bhopal in India and Seveso in Italy Student full name: Li Fei Lu (Lulu) Teacher: Chris Beard Essay length: 1190 words Reference A chronology of events at Seveso and Seveso adapted from B. De Marchi, S. Funtowicz, and J. Ravertz (1996) Seveso: A paradoxical classic in The long road discovery: Community responses to industrial disaster Edited by James K. Mitchell: United nations University Press. â€Å"Bhopal, India. † DISCovering Science. Online Edition. Gale, 2003. Reproduced in student Resource Center. Detroit: Gale, 2004. http://galenet. galegroup. com/servlet/SRC downloaded 26 November 2004 Cancer fears haunt survivors of Italian chemical disaster (1997) Cancer Weekly Plus Retrieved January 23, 2005, from the Expanded Academic Database David, L (2002) Night of the Gas New Internationalist p34 (2) p9 Retrieved January 23, 2005, from the Expanded Academic Database Shrivastava, P (1996) Long-term recovery from the Bhopal crisis in The long road to recovery: Community responses to industrial disaster Edited by James K. Mitchell: United Nations University Press (adapted)

Writing About Dogs

Writing About Dogs Writing About Dogs Writing About Dogs By Maeve Maddox A question that appears frequently on language sites is, â€Å"How do you capitalize the name of a dog breed? For example, German Shepherd or German shepherd?† My answer is, â€Å"It depends on your intended audience.† If you are writing for a general readership, you may as well follow the recommendations of the AP Stylebook and capitalize only those parts of the name that derive from a proper noun, as in these examples: German shepherd Labrador retriever Boston terrier Dandie Dinmont terrier Chihuahua basset hound dachshund schnauzer shih tzu If you choose to follow a style guide based on the MLA (Modern Language Association) Handbook, you might reduce even more of the breed name to lowercase: chihuahua pekingese rottweiler weimeraner german shepherd If, however, you are writing for an audience of readers who know something about dog breeds, you will think twice about using the term â€Å"German shepherd.† As one journalist who writes about dogs points out, The official name of a particular herding dog is German Shepherd Dog. Capitalizing each word helps to make that clear. Saying German shepherd dog could refer to any German-bred herding dog. Or, a reader could wonder why the word dog was even included, as many people just say German Shepherd, leaving off the last word of the breeds official name. Susan Ewing, â€Å"AP Style doesn’t work for dog breeds,† The Post-Journal, Jamestown, NY. A journalist following AP style would not capitalize basenji or every word in â€Å"Australian cattle dog,† but here are two extracts from articles written for publications aimed at dog owners: Take Whisper, a 3-year-old Australian Cattle Dog. Her first owners had no idea she was deaf, so pegged her as a â€Å"stubborn puppy† for not coming when called. First, the Basenji needs companionship and will not be happy left to exist on the fringes of your family’s day-to-day activities. As might be expected, the AKC (American Kennel Club) capitalizes every word in the name of a dog breed. In writing for a general audience, there’s no reason not to put generic words like spaniel, terrier, retriever, setter, and collie in lowercase, but an across-the-board ruling against capitalizing any word that does not derive from a proper noun has its drawbacks. To be in strict compliance with AP style would I have to write, â€Å"black Russian terrier† and â€Å"west highland white terrier† instead of â€Å"Black Russian terrier† and â€Å"West Highland White terrier†? What about â€Å"Cavalier King Charles Spaniel†? Should that be â€Å"cavalier King Charles spaniel†? AP style regarding the capitalization of dog breeds provides a useful baseline, but writers need to be willing to temper the recommendation with judgment. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Using "a" and "an" Before WordsBetween vs. In BetweenThe Two Sounds of G

Abraham lincoln as a trait,situational ,and transformational leader Assignment - 1

Abraham lincoln as a trait,situational ,and transformational leader - Assignment Example In astudy to determinethedistinctivetraits, a couple of researcheshavebeenconductwith theemphasis on identifyingthequalities of greatpersonalities. In 1948, Stogdill did a research on thetraitapproachandidentified ten leadershipcharacteristics(Northouse, 2010, p. 20).A similarstudywasdone by Mann (1959) but with littleemphasis on situational factorsandsuggested six traits that distinguish a leader from a non-leader. The two researchers realized five maintraits of an exceptionalleader. Abraham Lincoln as a lawyer, businessperson, andpoliticianexhibitsthesetraits, which includeintelligence, integrity, self-confidence, determination, andsociability. Northouse (2010) argue that an intelligent leader is one who portrays traits such as â€Å"strong non-verbal ability, perceptional, and their reasoning appears superior† (p.22). Abraham Lincoln is such leader. He was a well read, intelligent and an inspirational leader, which is evident through his devotion on the constitution and the rights of individuals (p.23). The second trait is his integrity nature, which is a quality of honesty and trustworthiness. According to Northouse (2012), such leaders take responsibility of their action and this bestows confidence in their followers (p. 24). Lincoln as a businessperson, became to be known as â€Å"Honest Abe† a nickname he earned when he pledgedto payall the debts realized from his failed business. Thethird traitdepicted by Lincoln is self-confidence; the ability to be sure of one’s proficiency and skills. Such ability influences others and thus, a leader feels confident that the efforts to influence others are justifiable. Lincoln with confidence, he appointed and swapped some Army commanders andhe defended his decisions against public attack and defended each one of the commanders.The forth trait is determination; the ability to get the task done through initiation,

Difficulties faced by young people in their transition to adult life Essay

Difficulties faced by young people in their transition to adult life - Essay Example These changes would only be giving them what other young people take for granted. Even once young people are living 'independently', they still need emotional support. To enable a successful transition to adulthood, these proposals need to address the psychological needs of young people leaving care, i.e. their need for sustained and continuous support from key carers well beyond the age of 18. This report starts with a brief description about the Green Paper, its background, the different proposals made and then it is followed by critical appraisal, evidence base, normative assumptions about care and ends with a summary of the implications The government has given major concern for the independence of young people. It has analyzed if young people will be able to support themselves when they leave care. It has also assumed that financial help will be a major issue for young people and hence has discussed about providing accommodation, support in higher education etc. Children and young people in care cannot receive the same kind of affection and care that normal young people receive. This leads to several difficulties which include lack of mental, financial and educational support. Also as Janet Fink says, care has become a key concern and an expanding research area because of shifting demographic, economic and cultural factors; an ageing population, the growing numbers of women in paid work and a perceived fragmentation of family life Provide ex 3. Proposals The proposals made in the Green Paper are: (Ref: Care Matters: Transforming the Lives of Children and Young People in Care) Pilot giving young people a veto over any decisions about legally leaving care before they turn 18 Pilot allowing care leavers to continue to live with foster families up to the age of 21, to evaluate the support required and the impact on their longer term outcomes Provide extra money for the Child Trust Fund accounts of young people in care. An extra 100 per year for every child who spends the year in care will be provided to help them enter adult life. During the consultation period it will be decided whether this is best administered through HM Revenue and Customs or by local authorities themselves. Introduce a national bursary, requiring local authorities to provide a minimum of 2,000 for all young people in care who go on to higher education: Give young people a choice of vacation accommodation, through allowing more young people to remain with carers or in accommodation in their home authority, or to remain in university accommodation Build on existing good practice targeting young people